๐Ÿ’ณ New • Credit Appraisal Suite

MSME Credit Appraisal Tools

Enter 5 years of financial data and instantly generate a complete bank-style credit analysis — 13 key ratios, expert underwriting comments, MPBF working, and a step-by-step process for assessing fund-based and non-fund-based credit exposure.

๐Ÿ“Š 13 Financial Ratios ๐Ÿ—“๏ธ 5-Year Trend Analysis ๐Ÿง‘โ€๐Ÿ’ผ Expert Banker Comments ๐Ÿฆ MPBF & Exposure Assessment
Step 1 • Enter Financials

Complete MSME Credit Analysis Calculator

Enter figures in the same unit consistently (e.g. all in โ‚น Lakh or โ‚น Crore) for each of the 5 financial years, then click Calculate. Sample figures are pre-filled so you can see how it works — simply overwrite them with your borrower's actuals.

All figures in โ‚น Lakh unless you relabel the unit
Modelling note: Term Loan is captured as the year-end outstanding balance. The calculator derives the annual principal repayment for DSCR as the year-on-year reduction in this balance, so Year 1 DSCR shows "NA" (no prior-year balance to compare). Current Liabilities should exclude bank working-capital borrowings (CC/OD) — enter those separately in the CC Limit row, consistent with the Tandon Committee working capital method used for the MPBF calculation below.
Step 2 • Auto-Generated Output

5-Year Ratio Analysis with Expert Comments

Click any ratio name to expand the banker's comment for that line. Colour tags reflect commonly used credit-underwriting benchmarks and are indicative only — always apply your bank's actual internal credit policy and industry-specific norms.

Ratio Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Trend
MPBF — Method I Tandon

75% of Working Capital Gap (CA โˆ’ CL other than bank borrowing). Borrower brings 25% of the gap as margin/NWC.

MPBF — Method II Tandon

75% of Current Assets, less Current Liabilities other than bank borrowing. More stringent margin requirement (25% of total CA).

MPBF — Turnover Method Nayak

20% of projected annual turnover, less actual/projected NWC. Commonly applied for MSME working capital limits up to โ‚น5 crore.

Step 3 • Underwriting Process

Process for a Fair Assessment of Total Credit Exposure

A borrower's real exposure to a bank is rarely just one loan. A sound appraisal looks at the fund-based limits (money actually disbursed) together with non-fund-based limits (contingent liabilities the bank has guaranteed) before arriving at the total credit exposure and pricing the risk.

1. Establish the borrowing entity's full relationship

Pull every facility the borrower (and connected/group entities, guarantors, and associate concerns) holds with the bank and other lenders. Check CRILC, CIBIL/credit bureau reports, and the Structured Financial Statement to capture off-book exposure, especially for MSMEs with multiple banking or consortium arrangements.

2. Segregate fund-based vs non-fund-based limits

Classify every sanctioned limit as fund-based (cash actually goes out of the bank) or non-fund-based (the bank's name/guarantee is at risk but no cash has moved yet). This split determines how much capital and provisioning the exposure attracts, and how liquid/urgent the risk is if it turns bad.

3. Assess fund-based exposure on its own logic

Working capital (Cash Credit/OD) is assessed against the MPBF/Turnover method using the CMA data above; Term Loans are assessed on DSCR, project viability, and repayment tenure against asset life. Confirm CC drawing power against the latest stock & book-debt statement, not just the sanctioned limit.

4. Assess non-fund-based exposure separately, then convert it

LCs and BGs/LGs don't involve upfront funding, but they carry a real probability of devolvement. Convert each non-fund limit to its Credit Conversion Factor (CCF)-weighted fund-based equivalent (as per RBI's Basel guidelines) before combining it with fund-based limits for a true picture of exposure.

  • Letter of Credit (LC): mainly trade-payment risk on devolvement if the borrower can't pay the beneficiary on the due date.
  • Bank Guarantee / Letter of Guarantee (BG/LG): performance or financial guarantee risk if invoked by the beneficiary.

5. Compute Total Credit Exposure & concentration limits

Total Exposure = Fund-Based (O/s or sanctioned, whichever is higher for TL; sanctioned limit for CC) + Non-Fund-Based (full outstanding LC/BG value, not CCF-weighted, for RBI large-exposure norms). Check this against the bank's Board-approved exposure ceiling for the borrower/group and sector-exposure caps.

6. Cross-check security and margin coverage

Map each facility to its specific security (hypothecation of stock/book debts for CC, exclusive/pari-passu charge on assets for TL, cash margin/counter-guarantee for LC-BG) and confirm the margin held is adequate for both fund-based and contingent limits, not just the fund-based book.

7. Stress-test and price for the combined risk

Run a sensitivity check — e.g., what happens to DSCR and TOL/TNW if 30-50% of outstanding LCs/BGs devolve in the same year as a term-loan repayment falls due. Price the facility (interest rate, processing/guarantee commission) and set the final internal risk rating based on this combined, stressed picture — not the fund-based ratios alone.

8. Document and set review triggers

Record the total exposure computation, CCF assumptions, and DSCR/ratio benchmarks used in the appraisal note. Set review triggers (e.g., stock statement ageing, LC devolvement, ratio covenant breach) to catch deterioration between annual renewals rather than waiting for the next full review.

Know Your Exposure Types

Fund-Based vs Non-Fund-Based Credit

๐Ÿ’ฐ Fund-Based Exposure

Facilities where cash is actually disbursed

Cash Credit (CC) / Overdraft (OD)

Revolving working-capital limit against stock and book debts, drawable up to the lower of sanctioned limit and drawing power (DP) computed from the latest stock statement.

Term Loan (TL)

Loan for acquisition of fixed assets/project cost, repayable in structured instalments over a fixed tenure, assessed principally through DSCR and project cash flows.

Bill/Invoice Discounting, Export Packing Credit, WCDL

Short-tenure fund-based facilities that convert a receivable, order, or a portion of the CC limit into a discrete disbursed loan for a defined period.

๐Ÿ“„ Non-Fund-Based Exposure

Contingent liabilities — no upfront disbursement

Letter of Credit (LC)

Bank undertakes to pay the borrower's supplier on the borrower's behalf if certain conditions are met. Risk crystallises (devolves onto the bank's books as a fund-based loan) only if the borrower fails to retire the bill on due date.

Bank Guarantee (BG) / Letter of Guarantee (LG)

Bank guarantees the borrower's performance (Performance BG) or a financial obligation (Financial BG) to a third party. Risk crystallises only if the beneficiary invokes the guarantee.

Deferred Payment Guarantee (DPG), Co-acceptance of Bills

Other contingent commitments where the bank stands behind the borrower's obligation without funding it upfront, but which must still be counted in total exposure and capital computation.

Educational tool, not a sanction decision: This calculator applies commonly used banking formulae (Tandon Committee, Nayak Committee, standard ratio-analysis benchmarks) for learning and quick pre-appraisal screening. It is not a substitute for your bank's Loan Policy, CMA data format, external credit rating, or the sanctioning authority's judgement. Always validate figures against audited financials and RBI's extant guidelines in force at the time of appraisal.
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